A steel wheel requires very little energy to roll on a steel rail. Wheelrail dynamic interaction due to excitation of rail. The issue of the wheelrail interaction may be solved in two different waysusing either the model of a moving irregularity between a stationary wheel and rail, or the model of a moving wheel along the rail. Three types of wheels are considered with different contact stiffness and wheel plate design. The vehicle model and the track model are coupled by wheelrail interaction. Focus of this first stage of work is placed on the repeatability of signals from the same wheelrail interactions while the rail is in healthy state. Sponsored by progressive railroading, advanced rail management corp. Wheelrail interaction fundamentals wri 2015 20150517. Flange climb derailment criteria and wheelrail profile. For instance, kassa and nielsen 5,6 used the commercial multibody system mbs software, gensys, to model the dynamic interaction between the railway vehicle and turnout. D 33 x v d w x 100 d wheel diameter in v speed mph p static load lbs larger wheels impose less influence additional dynamic loads from impacts such as caused by wheel flat spots, rail discontinuities e. Wayside measurement of lateral and vertical wheelrail. A typical railway wheel has a wheel tread, where the wheel is usually in contact. This wheel rail noise consists mainly of rolling noise.
Professor in charge of thesis on behalf of the advisory committee approved. Staskiewicz and others published analysis of wheelrail interaction for the development of a new tramway wheel profile find, read and cite all the research you need on. Other types of wheelrail noise are impact noise and curve squeal, with the latter also being relevant at low speeds. Dynamic response of wheelrail interaction at rail weld in. As the wheelrail contact is an open system, the adhesion between the wheel and rail is inevitably affected by contaminants. Rail accident investigation branch raib 29,596 views. This wheelrail noise consists mainly of rolling noise. Wheelrail interaction due to the polygonal wheel article pdf available in upb scientific bulletin, series d. Pdf presented at wheels on rails an update, seminar of the institution of mechanical engineers, london, april 2002. The stressstrain of thin multilayered coatings covered the surface of the rail is studied near the region of side contact in turning motion. This work reports a 3d finite element model of wheel rail rolling contact which can simulate dynamic wheel rail interaction at arbitrary contact geometry up to 400 kmh. Electromechanical design and development of the virginia tech. The vti monitor applies a train path free approach by utilizing compact sensors, gps and wireless communication devices. Mechanical engineering 733 january 2011 with 238 reads how we measure reads.
Wheel rail interface monash institute of railway technology. The effect of track load correlation on groundborne. If you need to print pages from this book, we recommend downloading it as a pdf. Wheels on rails an update, understanding and managing the wheelrail interface. Exemplary simulation of freight car interaction with track which posses one corrugated. Twins provides a tool for detailed design of components, taking into account their interaction, and allows the total noise to be minimised. Three types of wheels are considered with different contact stiffness and wheelplate design. Part one provides the fundamentals of contact mechanics, wear, fatigue and lubrication as well as stateoftheart research and emerging technologies related to. Fundamentals of wheel rail interaction michael roney consultant and retired chief engineer, canadian pacific dr. This interaction is a specialist subject covering the design and management of the very high stresses in the small contact area between a steel wheel and steel rail. This work reports a 3d finite element model of wheel. Influences of the corrugation wavelength and depth on the wheelrail dynamic performance are investigated.
Railway rolling noise engineering university of southampton. The vt roller rig is intended for studying the complex dynamics and mechanics at the wheelrail interface of railway vehicles in a controlled laboratory environment. Rail corrugation detection of highspeed railway using. Effects of profile wear on wheelrail contact conditions. A maximum of 70% of your registration fee may be refunded to you if wheel rail seminars receives written notice of cancellation on or before 61520.
Management on energy savings and sustainability railroad wheels and rails are made of high strength steel. The vehicle model and the track model are coupled by wheel rail interaction. To minimize lateral vehicle acceleration and jerk, lateral wheel rail contact forces and wear, oswald and bishop 6 simulated lowfrequency dynamic interaction to reach an optimum turnout geometry. By jeff tuzik its easier now than ever to collect data on wheelrail interaction. Wayside measurement of lateral and vertical wheelrail forces. Ambala cantt ludhiana amritsar mainline electric multiple unit m emu. Part one provides the fundamentals of contact mechanics, wear, fatigue and lubrication as well as stateoftheart research and emerging technologies related to the wheel rail interface and its management.
Appendix a effect of wheelrail profiles and wheelrail interaction. Analysis of design and performance of tramtrain profiles for. The paper is devoted to the experimental, theoretical analysis and computer simulation of influence of elastic properties of contact stiffness and wheelplate stiffness on the forces of vehicletrack interaction. Forces from the wheels with flats can be up to four times higher than those from normal wheels. Pdf wheelrail interaction due to the polygonal wheel. Characteristics of wheelrail dynamic interaction due to the rail corrugation in a highspeed railway are analyzed based on the theory of vehicletrack coupled dynamics in this paper. Such measurements require excellent powering and driving architecture, highperformance motion control, accurate measurements, and relatively noise free data acquisition systems. Third body at wheelrail contact third body is made up of iron oxides, sands, wet paste, leaves etc. It also describes the effect of the contact patch between wheel and rail in filtering the roughness, followed by a discussion of the measurement and analysis of surface roughness. Wheelrail interaction analysis tanel telliskivi tritammk 2003. How about the other part of the wheelrail wear system. Dynamic simulation of tramtrain vehicles on railway track. Groundborne vibration from railways is generated at the wheelrail interface due to the passage of individual wheel loads along the track quasistatic loading and due to dynamic interaction forces caused by irregularities of the wheels and tracks dynamic loading. You may elect to receive a fullcredit attendance at the next years events or send an alternate attendee from your organization.
Understanding the wheelrail interface part two the. Wheel rail noise considerable benefits can be gained through appropriate wheel rail interface management, including reduced defect rates, improved safety, extended wheel and rail life, improved vehicletrack interaction, reduced wheel rail noise and the development of suitable standards and maintenance procedures. Wheel rail profiles and vehicle steering behavior are such that the curve can be considered mild the contact area at each wheel tread low rail interface is approximately circular, with a typical radius of 7mm. Appendix a effect of wheelrail profiles and wheelrail interaction on system performance and maintenance in transit operations unfortunately, this book cant be printed from the openbook. Kevin oldknow chief engineer, wheel rail interface l. Electromechanical design and development of the virginia.
Newton and clark 5 calculated the wheel rail interaction forces caused by wheel flats using a timedomain model in which the linear wheel vehicle and track models interact through a nonlinear contact stiffness. Restricting the field to papers dealing with mutual wheel rail interaction measurements and discarding those dealing with instrumented wheelsets, all of them indicate that electric resistance strain gauges er attached to the rail are the most appropriate sensor to detect rail deformation from which loads may be. Foster rail technologies with the assistance of and permission from sahha 2015 technical workshop, birchwood hotel 8. The rail wheel interaction can induce train and track vibrations and consequently lead to noise impact, passengers discomfort, high maintenance cost, etc. Trains is the presenting sponsor of wheel rail interaction. Analysis of wheelrail interaction using fe software. Wheelrail contact behaviors in the switch have been studied with a number of laboratory experiments and numerical procedures. The 24th annual wheel rail interaction conference will be held april 30 to may 3, 2018, at the crowne plaza chicago ohare hotel, in rosemont, ill.
Fundamentals of wheelrail interaction michael roney consultant and retired chief engineer, canadian pacific dr. A fresh wheelflat has the shape of a geometric chord on the wheel circumference. Materials used for wheels on rolling stock railway research. The vibration due to the interaction between the wheel and rail with random surface roughness 16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29 and vibration due to. Analysis of design and performance of tramtrain profiles. The vertical and lateral wheelrail interactions are coupled to a large. This model is employed to investigate dynamic response of wheel rail interaction at theoretical and measured rail weld, including wheel rail force and axlebox acceleration. Aug 24, 2015 wheel flanges taper outwards from the tip, meaning that on railways, interaction occurs only after severe wear or if something else is seriously amiss. Foster rail technologies with the assistance of and permission from sahha 2015 technical workshop, birchwood hotel 8 october, 2015. View our free webcam at this popular illinois hot spot wheel rail interaction conference join industry experts from wheel rail seminars in vancouver, b. Newton and clark 5 calculated the wheelrail interaction forces caused by wheel flats using a timedomain model in which the linear wheelvehicle and track. As a main part of continuously welded rail track, rail weld widely exists in highspeed railway. Sep 30, 2014 characteristics of wheel rail dynamic interaction due to the rail corrugation in a highspeed railway are analyzed based on the theory of vehicletrack coupled dynamics in this paper. In the darts model, the loads were introduced via hertzian springs traversing a sineshaped railtrack surface, as shown in fig.
It describes the wheelrail interaction model, as well as models for the wheel and rail mobilities, including models for the mobilities of the contact zone itself. The wheelrail interface is the contact area where wheelrail interaction between wheels and rails in railways takes place. The vibration generated propagates through the ground to nearby buildings. The challenges of wheelrail interface have been highlighted and discussed, and the analysis and design process required to develop an optimised wheel profile for dualoperation running have been presented. Focus of this first stage of work is placed on the repeatability of signals from the same wheel rail interactions while the rail is in healthy state. Influences of the corrugation wavelength and depth on the wheel rail dynamic performance are investigated. According to hertzian nonlinear elastic theory, the vertical force between the wheel and rail is defined as where is the wheelrail contact constant and is the elastic compression deformation between the wheel and rail. Rail track irregularities can be considered as one of the most important sources of loads, generated by a moving train. Until recently, the conferences have been held only in the united states and have drawn on north american experiences. On new effects of wheelrail interaction springerlink. Wheels are cast or forged and are heattreated to have a specific hardness. A timedomain model can be used to study nonlinear interaction between the wheel and rail. Wheelrail interface handbook is a onestop reference for railway engineering practitioners and academic researchers. Wheelrail friction depends on the shear properties composition of the third body layer.
The railwheel interaction can induce train and track vibrations and consequently lead to noise impact, passengers discomfort, high maintenance cost, etc. Lubricants free fulltext frictioninduced vibration of a railway. Wheel flanges taper outwards from the tip, meaning that on railways, interaction occurs only after severe wear or if something else is seriously amiss. The importance of wheelrail interface on energy savings. The vti monitor applies a train path free approach by utilizing compact. However, shortwave irregularities can easily initiate and develop in rail weld due to the limitation of welding technology and thus rail weld has been a main highfrequency excitation and is responsible for deterioration of track components. Groundborne vibration from railways is generated at the wheel rail interface due to the passage of individual wheel loads along the track quasistatic loading and due to dynamic interaction forces caused by irregularities of the wheels and tracks dynamic loading. Wheelrail noise considerable benefits can be gained through appropriate wheelrail interface management, including reduced defect rates, improved safety, extended wheel and rail life, improved vehicletrack interaction, reduced wheelrail noise and the development of suitable standards and maintenance procedures. Railtrack irregularities can be considered as one of the most important sources of loads, generated by a moving train. A large force from the first body wheel is transferred to the second body rail through a small contact region about 1 cm2. Pdf vehicle dynamics and the wheelrail interface researchgate. A rolling component is typically pushed onto an axle and mounted directly on a railway carriage or locomotive, or indirectly on a bogie in the uk, also called a truck in north america. Third body separates wheel and rail surface, accommodates velocity differences and determines wheelrail friction. This study presents the analysis on the unique signatures from the data collected to characterise wheel rail interaction for rail defect detection.
Wheelrail interaction fundamentals kevin oldknow, ph. Read chapter appendix a effect of wheelrail profiles and wheelrail interaction on system performance and maintenance in transit operations. Properly laid girder rail gauge and check faces wear simultaneously from the outset, with checks on curves being sufficiently robust to accept wear, a fact that anyone can verify by examining. Signature analysis on wheelrail interaction for rail defect. Wheel rail interaction call for papers trains magazine. According to hertzian nonlinear elastic theory, the vertical force between the wheel and rail is defined as where is the wheel rail contact constant and is the elastic compression deformation between the wheel and rail. Simulation of wheelrail interaction in turnouts and.
Other types of wheel rail noise are impact noise and curve squeal, with the latter also being relevant at low speeds. It describes the wheel rail interaction model, as well as models for the wheel and rail mobilities, including models for the mobilities of the contact zone itself. By jeff tuzik for over 20 years, the wheelrail interaction conferences have brought together railway industry professionals, researchers and suppliers to share their expertise in the field of wheelrail interaction. Nscos autonomous vehicletrack interaction vti monitor provides unattended conditionbased monitoring of the interactions that take place between the rail vehicle and the track. Rail corrugation detection of highspeed railway using wheel. This is because the wheel and rail deform very little under load, unlike a rubber. Wheelrail interaction due to the polygonal wheel 97 in terms of the relative displacements between the rail crosssection and the rail pad, the model of the rail pad has three kelvinvoigt systems with the elastic constants kx, kr and k. Pdf analysis of wheelrail interaction for the development of a new. The number of measurement tools, the number of parameters that can be measured, and the accuracy of those measurements have changed the way wheel and rail systems are designed, monitored and maintained. A train wheel or rail wheel is a type of wheel specially designed for use on railway tracks.
Contaminants, which refer to foreign substances applied both intentionally and unintentionally the wheel to rail interface, can make wheelrail adhesion either too high or too low and to difficult predict. Wheel rail interface handbook is a onestop reference for railway engineering practitioners and academic researchers. In the darts model, the loads were introduced via hertzian springs traversing a sineshaped rail track surface, as shown in fig. Restricting the field to papers dealing with mutual wheelrail interaction measurements and discarding those dealing with instrumented wheelsets, all of them indicate that electric resistance strain gauges er attached to the rail are the most appropriate sensor to detect rail deformation from which loads may be. This study presents the analysis on the unique signatures from the data collected to characterise wheelrail interaction for rail defect detection. Signature analysis on wheelrail interaction for rail. Wheelrail nonlinear interaction with coupling between. On the coupling of the vertical, lateral and longitudinal wheelrail.
The elastic compression between wheel and rail is determined. The model of the moving irregularity is much easier to use and it is currently utilized for the frequencydomain analysis 5. P x z v f n f n r s w l s kp cp m sl kb b ks cs m w m w kw cw ei, kga, m figure 3. A study on the wheelrail interaction at switch points to reduce derailments in turnouts by samet ozturk a thesis submitted to the faculty of the university of delaware in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of civil engineering spring 2014.
Kevin oldknow chief engineer, wheelrail interface l. Wheel rail profiles and vehicle steering behavior are such that the curve can be considered mild the contact area at each wheel tread low rail interface is approximately circular. Jun 29, 2012 the paper is devoted to the experimental, theoretical analysis and computer simulation of influence of elastic properties of contact stiffness and wheel plate stiffness on the forces of vehicletrack interaction. One of the key issues in developing a dualoperation wheel profile was managing the contact conditions within the wheelrail interface. In this paper, wheelflat and rail interaction dynamics is modeled through a finite element model. A study on the wheel rail interaction at switch points to reduce derailments in turnouts by samet ozturk approved.